VA Disability Rating for Thumb Limitation of Motion
Diagnostic Code 5228 · 38 CFR §4.71a
What Is It?
DC 5228 rates limitation of motion of the thumb, which is essential for grip, pinch, and most hand functions. The thumb provides roughly 50 percent of overall hand function. When thumb motion is limited by arthritis, fracture residuals, or ligament damage, nearly every hand task becomes more difficult. The rating is based on the gap between the thumb tip and the fingers when you try to oppose your thumb. Veterans commonly develop thumb limitations from fractures, dislocations, ligament tears during training, combat hand injuries, or repetitive strain from equipment use during service.
Rating Criteria
| Rating | Criteria |
|---|---|
| 20% | Gap of more than two inches between the thumb pad and the fingers with the thumb attempting to oppose the fingers |
| 10% | Gap of one to two inches between the thumb pad and the fingers |
| 0% | Gap of less than one inch between the thumb pad and the fingers |
Evidence Needed
- Measurements of the gap between thumb and fingers during opposition
- Medical records connecting the thumb condition to service
- Imaging of the thumb joint showing structural changes
- Grip and pinch strength measurements
- Documentation of functional limitations
C&P Exam Tips
- Allow the examiner to measure the gap precisely when you try to touch thumb to fingers
- Demonstrate difficulty with pinching, gripping, and picking up small objects
- Describe tasks that have become impossible or painful
- Show any deformity or swelling in the thumb joints
- Mention which hand is dominant
How to File
File under DC 5228 for thumb limitation of motion. The rating depends on the measured gap between your thumb and fingers. Include the gap measurement and evidence of the service-connected condition causing the limitation.
Common Mistakes
Not having the gap measured precisely during the exam Underestimating the functional impact of thumb limitation Not filing for both hands if both thumbs are affected Missing arthritis that is causing the thumb limitation
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is the thumb so important for hand function?
The thumb provides opposition, which is the ability to touch your thumb to your fingertips. This is essential for gripping, pinching, writing, buttoning clothes, and using tools. Loss of thumb motion affects more daily tasks than the loss of any other single finger.
Can thumb arthritis be service-connected?
Yes, thumb arthritis can be service-connected if it results from an injury during service or if it develops as a progression of a service-connected hand condition. Repetitive strain from military equipment use can also contribute to thumb joint wear.